For the benefit of administrators and instructors, individualized instruction and the role of computers in managing it are outlined. Structural components of individualized instructional programs are identified, and the process of individualized instruction is described. A review of major computer-managed instructional (CMI) systems is provided, with the findings of the systems summarized. The Wisconsin System for Instructional Management (WIS-SIM) Model is then described in detail, including the instructional cycle, the use of individual student records, testing and test scoring, performance profiling, specifying performance expectations, diagnosing and identifying instructional needs, guiding the instructional process, and selecting appropriate educational experiences and settings. (SK)