The study was conducted to (1) determine the structure of reasons leading to the enlistment decision, (2) isolate factors leading some initial Army applicants to enlist in one of the other services instead of the Army, and (3) compare data collected in a draft-free environment (FY74) with data collected in FY 72. Based on a sample of 28,079 (11,502 Army), data were obtained from questionnaire responses at Armed Forces Examining and Entrance Stations. The questionnaire included items on endorsement of reasons for enlistment, selection of service, influences in selection of service, and various demographic characteristics. Frequency distributions and factor analysis were used and cross-tabulations were prepared. According to the surveys, the Army's main attraction has been its ability to provide some kind of skill or advanced training to enlistees. Other findings included: (a) the proportion of Army enlistees who initially preferred another service increased 8 percent; (b) the Army gained in educational quality and lost in mental quality of its applicants; (c) age, geographic region, and educational level were the most important characteristics associated with making the Army an enlistee's first choice of service. The questionnaire and intercorrelation matrices for reasons for enlistment are appended. (Author/BP)