Test publishers and the users of standardized IQ and summary-score achievement tests have failed to consider the problems associated with testing the minority child. Since the results of these tests are used to determine the education, economic, and social future of children, a harder look at the minority child's cultural background is essential. The problem of testing cannot be solved by recreating standardized tests for minority children which are based on old conceptions of intelligence and educational achievement. A radical change in the whole approach to testing and the generation of entirely different models of education and of testing is needed. The Program Assessment Pupil Instruction (PAPI) System is one step in an attempt to move in a new direction. The PAPI uses four Piagetian-based measures: Cartoon Conservation Scales; Water Level Task; Figural Intersections Tests; and Serial Task. This system can be used with any child to produce educational program data, or data for program evaluation. Given the problems associated with testing, the PAPI system suggests one approach to the issue which speaks to the different needs of people within the educational community. (RC)