This monograph was written in response to the perceived need for an examination of the role of manpower programs as components of public policy. Both manpower programs and related policies are examined in the context of the overall activities and purposes of government in Ontario and in the Canadian federal system. The importance of societal objectives as the frame of reference for public policy concerned with human development services, particularly manpower programs, is stressed. Part 1 is concerned with the meaning and purpose of manpower development. Part 2 deals with government participation in manpower development, specifically with the evolution of manpower policy in Canada and Ontario and with the accommodation of manpower activities in the public accounts. The final part focuses on the formulation of a manpower policy for Ontario. (Author/IRT)