This report presents results of a three-year review and evaluation of American college and university programs in Latin American, Eastern European, Middle Eastern, African, and Asian studies. Information was gathered through site visits; interviews of students, faculty, department chairmen, and administrators; and attendance at area association meetings. In addition, questionnaires were analyzed from program directors, individual specialists, and program graduates. Transcripts of degree recipients were also analyzed. The aim of the survey was to examine in detail the scale, composition, and direction of language and area studies, with particular emphasis on aggregate patterns. The sampling process for collecting information on individuals is described, followed by a study of the characteristics and types of individual specialists. A national cross-sectional analysis of area courses and a similar analysis of language instruction follow. Types of programs are explored, as well as their institutional setting, quality, productivity, and financing. Enrollment figures are analyzed and compared, and the motivation and characteristics of program students are discussed. The report concludes with recommendations and comments on the future development of language and area studies. Appendices contain sample questionnaires and an inventory of language and area study programs. (Author/AM)