The development, direction, and extent of education in China is examined in this publication. Chapter 1 provides a brief history of the Chinese educational system from 1900 to 1973, including sections on Soviet influence, the great leap forward, and the cultural revolution. Chapters 2-6 examine Chinese kindergartens, primary schools, middle schools, universities, and examinations. Included in these chapters are short sections on school life, curriculum, work-study, student attitudes, school and community relationship, teachers, integration with the working classes, and linking theory with practice. The concluding chapter discusses the democratization of education, teaching methods, and educational objectives as serving proletarian politics and productive labor. Appendixes include a short bibliography and a draft of a program for primary and middle schools in the Chinese countryside. (Author/DE)