A picture-board sociometric interview for preschool children is described and information on reliability and validity is presented. While the reliability of this measure of peer popularity is low to moderate using test-retest or split-half measures, the interview data does seem to predict other relevant measures of the social behavior of young children in interaction with their peers. It should be pointed out that sociometric status and the social characteristics of these children are not completely independent measures since the children themselves were the source of both kinds of information. Nevertheless, the relations are in predicted directions and tend to be consistent with the observational data presented in this paper. Also included are the instruments used during the interview: The Sociometric Interview and the Peer Perception of Social Behavior. (Author/DEP)