The present study was designed to explore the possibility that exposure to the "Misterogers' Neighborhood" program might increase the likelihood of spontaneous imaginative play in preschool children who watched the program over a period of two weeks. The specific focus of this investigation was to determine whether a well-produced professional program would be more effective in enhancing imaginative play than instruction from a live adult. The study involved four varied conditions: (1) a non TV-viewing control group observed in spontaneous play on two occasions separated in time by a period comparable to that taken up by the experimental conditions; (2) a group who watched the Misterogers' show daily over a two-week period; (3) a group who watched the same show daily in the company of an adult who interacted with the children about content of the performance; and (4) a group who saw no television at school but received a comparable daily time period of fantasy game-playing and practice in imagery with an adult teacher. An analysis of the matrix of intercorrelations between the independent and dependent variables of the study seems to suggest that children in the 3- to 4-year-old age group remain most susceptible to influence by a concerned adult in their presence who can engage them directly and provide them with immediate feedback for their own responses. It is therefore likely that at the very least, television's prosocial or optimal cognitive benefits may have to depend on some mediation by an adult. (Author/CS)