This paper provides a descriptive summary of the historical development, the basic features, the organizational structure, the patterns of child-rearing and education, and specific research findings concerning the Kibbutz Movement in Israel. Four main types of collective settlements are described, along with the main characteristics and tenets representative of all kibbutzim. The philosophy of 'collective education' is presented, and the educational structure from birth through high school is outlined in detail. A brief review of some of the research dealing with the psychological, sociological, physiological, philosphical, educational, and occupational aspects of this life-style is reported. (CS)