Men and women are not now similar in all their likes and dislikes, but it is an unanswered question as to which of those dissimilarities are directly related to job satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Basically, the sex difference problem raises an issue which is emphasized throughout the paper: that the goal of interest measurement is to predict job satisfaction because the methodology and validation of interest measurement are only indirectly related to that goal. New problems for interest measurement--the question of applicability to women of approaches based on men, and the questions raised by the current dramatic break in the socialization process of women--are examined in terms of the two types of interest measurement surveyed, one of which relies on stable socialization and is heavily tied to the past; the other does not take into account the experiential effect on interests. The contemporary view of career guidance emphasizes continuing exploration of career and self, and appropriate use of interest inventories with women may lead to focused exploration in totally new areas. Interest inventories should no longer be merely reported, they should change behavior. (Author/AJ)