Vocabulary studies conducted in this century are reviewed in this paper, with an emphasis on several recent investigations utilizing computer technology. The use of computers has greatly facilitated the ease and accuracy of word tabulation, but the lists are only as language-reflective as the sources from which they are derived. The great majority of vocabulary tabulations are derived exclusively from schoolbooks, a narrow source that tends to be self-perpetuating. Those lists developed from children's language, from frequency in general printed English, or from occurrence in literary and supplemental materials are considerably more relevant for text authors and, subsequently, for teachers. Because language changes, continual updating of word lists is necessary. (TO)