This publication examines the relationships between research and development organizations and school systems. The stereotyped views that members of each kind of organization have of one another and the actual differences between them are explored. The views of both research and development personnel and school personnel were obtained through interviews. Practical solutions dealing with the structure of arrangements between the research group and the school (exchange, political influence, participation, consortia, demonstration, and research vouchers) are recommended along with techniques for facilitating productive relationships. (Author)