Developing nations face considerable difficulty in generating new and specialized skills economically and quickly and in making the best possible, most efficient use of those skills already existing in country. This paper examines the difficulties faced in estimating industrial skill requirements, explores the narrow aspects of the efficient use of manpower and considers some systems of education and training. It is concluded that determination of goals along with the development of efficient systems for attaining those goals is the singularly most difficult problem to be solved in determining manpower needs for developing countries. In order to ensure the efficient and orderly movement toward industrialization, the government of a developing nation must set forth a clear definition of national goals in the education and training of industrial manpower. Further, they must ensure that effective education and training systems are developed; promote, coordinate and implement industrial training programs when necessary; and, induce industry to assume a large role in the development skills. (Author/SA)