A study of the psychological differences between maleness and femaleness is presented. The sample studied consisted of four groups: (1) 24 pre-service nursing trainees, all female; (2) 57 introductory psychology students, 31 females and 26 males; (3) 19 caucasian non-college graduate adults, 11 females and 8 males; and (4) 27 radical feminists. Instruments used were Robert May's projective test technique, the Sex Role Stereotype Scale developed by Rosenkrantz, Broverman et al., Gough's scale for assessing "psychological femininity" and the process of asking the subject what he thinks. A 4 X 3 X 2 multivariate analysis of variance for female subjects and a 2 X 3 X 2 multivariate analysis of variance for male subjects were conducted to test for main effects and interactions of group membership, marital status, and having children or not on the eight dependent variables derived from the four sex role instruments. The results of the study showed the following two consistencies: (1) males receive substantially more masculine scores on the Sex-Role Stereotype Scale and the Gough Scale than women if the women's scores across the four groups are combined; and (2) one's peer group appears to influence the expression of sex-typed behaviors and dispositions. As to the validity of sex-role assessment, current tests and scales do no distinguish among the differing degrees of significance of various sex-typed behaviors but rather sum or average across various items of sex-typed behavior. (CK)