This document is the fourth volume in a 5-part series that reports the results of a project undertaken to critically review and analyze major longitudinal studies of child and student development. These studies were conducted to discover the variables, techniques, methodologies, and problems pertinent to evaluation studies of the effects of schools and colleges on the growth and development of children and young adults. It was anticipated that study results would provide guidelines for the future research needed to enhance educational program planning, implementation, and evaluation. This volume contains the matrixes of findings and variables, synthesis and analysis of the findings and variables particularly as they pertain to the impact of the educational process on students. The syntheses of these findings are discussed within the framework of student and family characteristics, school and community environments, academic aptitudes and abilities, persistence, vocational interests and experiences, personality traits and motivation, and growth and development during college. The document concludes by suggesting implications of the research findings and recommendations for future research and educational policy. Related documents are EA 005 321-323 and EA 005 325. (Author/DN)