This paper grew out of the finding of a previous study that small, rural elementary school districts were noticeably absent from the list of participants in federal aid programs. The author feels that the critical problem seems to be whether the small district actually makes a deliberate decision not to participate in federal programs or whether it is systematically excluded because of its size. The study, therefore, tested whether district size was related to federal aid participation, and whether total wealth (based on total assessed valuation) was related to federal aid applications. Additionally, a measure based on assessed valuation per pupil was used to combine both size and wealth reveal any hidden relations that total wealth by itself might obscure. Results indicate that district size is a significant predictor of federal aid response, but that neither total assessed valuation nor assessed valuation per pupil show any relation to federal aid responses. (Author/WM)