The concept of self is basically derived from: (1) the responses made toward the individual by significant people in his immediate environment; (2) his perceptions of their behavior relevant to him; (3) the internalization of his perceptions into a coherent set of self-views; (4) the resultant self which he perceives as reflected back into the eyes of the significant others; (5) the reinforcement of that self as seen by him and by others and by his view of their concepts of him; and (6) his responses to the challenges and pressures of living. The self is reinforced by others who are like him, others who are important to him, others who are identification models of behavior, and himself when he chooses those behaviors that "prove" he is right about himself. An individual's self-esteem can suffer when he is not accepted, when he doubts his acceptability or competence, or when significant others disagree about his worth. The most common measures of self-concept are self-report, observational techniques, and combinational methods (projective techniques and determining the congruence between self-ratings and ratings of others. A number of limitations in self-concept assessment are listed. Educators can enhance and sometimes modify the self-concept of students by: giving them unconditional acceptance as a person of dignity and worth; recognizing their special abilities and strengths, which increases self-confidence; providing both challenge and boundary for the emerging self, and providing modeling agents of behavior. (KM)