In conjunction with the evaluation of Project R.E.A.D., an instrument to measure self-concept, "When Do I Smile?," was administered to 515 children, and the test itself was analyzed. The test consists of 21 or 23 items, depending on level, to which children respond by marking faces for each item which are smiling, passive, or frowning. Younger children were happier about almost every item and tended toward extreme responses. Older children were becoming much more attuned to their peers and did not like to go to school; younger children did like going to school. Results of factor and item analyses are given. Suggestions are offered concerning the use of measures of self-concept. (KM)