This fifth report of the Commission on Public School Personnel Policies in Ohio approaches the question of the 180-day, 2-semester, set school calendar. The commission recommends a through examination of the possible benefits of a change in the scheduling of the school year. Several underlying reasons are identified: a) the traditional school year grew out of the economic needs of society, rather than the educational needs of children; b) the traditional summer vacation promotes inactivity, boredom, and, subsequently, criminal misbehavior for some, while with teachers there is a limitation of the professional and financial aspects of teaching due to the summer layoff; and c) the current, rigid school year ignores the fact that children learn in different ways and at different rates. This report reviews the Atlanta Four Quarter Plan and other possible alternatives and recommends that the Ohio State Department of Education initiate a pilot program based upon a consortium of contiguous school districts representing central city, suburban, and rural areas. Appendixes include additional calendar options and a section on calendar planning in Ohio. (JA)