This study attempts to clarify the nature of the situations which do or do not lead to discriminatory behavior towards women. An attempt was made to compare women, under identical stimulus conditions, with a group known to receive discriminatory treatment, e.g., hippies. Sex and social deviance was factorially combined in two experimental conditions requiring cooperation. The study demonstrated that whether a "minority group" effect is produced with sex as a variable depends upon the nature of the experimental task. When "femaleness" and "social deviance" were factorially combined and the same experimental manipulations utilized, social deviants were uniformly discriminated against while females were favored in one case and treated negatively in the other. It is hypothesized that females will be treated as members of a minority group when they aspire to equal power or status with men. (Author/LAA)