During the past 35 years, a voluminous body of literature and informed professional opinion has been developing on the topic of size in relation to the units of the educational organization which comprise a State school system. Size is most often expressed in terms of pupil enrollment. The prevailing assumption seems to be that size is an important factor to consider when a State undertakes the task of organizing its school districts into units which will produce the educational results the citizenry expects for its investment in public education. The literature supports this assumption. However, size, in and of itself, is not necessarily important; it is related to the objectives on which a state school system organization is based. Only after such objectives have been carefully developed, studied, and considered does the factor of size become meaningful. (Author/JH)