The paper reports on a program of field and laboratory research designed to investigate some positive and negative psychological effects of seeking and obtaining help. The author reviews the reactance model and attribution theory, both of which focus on the recipient's perceptions of the basis on which help is rendered and the implications of this for him. Several equity theories which consider the helper-beneficiary relationship as a continuing social interaction are also discussed. The author's own laboratory research program has investigated two general questions: 1.) What is the effect of reciprocity on attraction for the helper? and 2.) Which form of help delivery leads to more usage of service, enhanced helper attractiveness, and better recipient feelings--helper-initiated help or self-requested help? Finally, implications of much of the data on self-requested help are applied to federal changes in welfare policy. (Author/SES)