This study is concerned with attitudes of family members, and whether such attitudes indeed vary with different family structures. The increasing sociological and psychiatric evidence seems to support the existence of family strengths in families which have been defined as unstable because of structural attributes. Given the historical character of the Negro lower-class family one would expect to find strong attitudes of family identity and integration among female members of the family and some sense of isolation from the family by the adult Negro male. The types of attitudes to be found among their white counterparts have not been documented. A study concerned with the evaluation of retraining workers provided an opportunity to explore the relationships between the family structure of persons applying for retraining in Michigan, and their subjective attitudes toward their families. The research design was a two-stage panel study in which the first stage data used here were derived through an interview schedule and a test battery of attitudinal and psychological items administered during the first week of training. The original sample consisted of 561 persons. The analysis here is based upon a sample of 471 lower-class and working-class adults, male and female, Negro and white. (Author/JM)