In the fall of 1971, the Lynchburg, Virginia public schools began the implementation of a plan to eliminate all traces of racial segregation in the school system. All pupils in the ninth and tenth grades in the city were enrolled in one of the two high schools, and those in the eleventh and twelfth were enrolled in the other. Pupils were assigned to junior high and elementary schools in such a way that racial balance would result, and busing was employed to this end. It was not until the fall of 1971 that full integration was instituted. A major objective of the research presented in this report is to describe the racial attitudes of Lynchburg school children just as racial balance in the schools is being instituted. A representative sample was studied in February and March, 1972. Children in kindergarten and primary grades were interviewed with a picture test. Children of ages 12, 14, 16 and 18 years were tested with semantic differential and social distance scales. As age increased, black respondents moved toward a more favorable rating of their race and a less favorable rating of whites. The findings suggested a modification of the normative theory of racial prejudice by supporting the presence of multiple rankings of racial-ethnic groupings, depending on who is doing the ranking. (Author/JM)