This paper is concerned with conflicts which arise for students in the university setting as a result of having ethnic backgrounds different from the middle-class norm. There are a variety of ways in which an ethnic student can find himself in a classroom situation where behaviors which had evoked positive reinforcement in his subculture are now negatively reinforced. Faced with discrepant reward systems, this student must choose between maintaining his ethnic pattern of response or adopting behaviors which are in conflict with his own personal values and experiences in order to meet the expectations of the mainstream culture. College students are, in general, ideal therapy candidates. The ethnic students who find their way to campus counseling centers and clinics are usually responsive also, but this probably has to do with a process of self-selection--the ethnic students in therapy being for the most part already heavily invested in a middle-class life style. Attempts at "outreach" or "intervention" may be appropriate in a number of settings, including university counseling services. For example, it has been suggested that psychologists become actively involved in designing programs to increase faculty and administration awareness of the problems and needs of ethnic students. (Author/JM)