In this publication, designed to serve interested laymen as well as educators, various authors explore the viewpoints of the proponents and the opponents of the National Assessment Program. In their analysis of assessment and its related issues, these authors attempt to provide information that could serve as a basis for an objective consideration of the limitations, possibilities, and implications of the Program. Central to the discussions covered in the six papers is the question of the use of tests as a means of carrying out the assessment goals and the implications of having a pilot program run by a private concern such as the Carnegie Corporation. The presentation concludes with a transcript of the White House Conference assessment debate (July 20, 1965), the resolution of the Council of Chief State School Officers on measurement and reporting of educational results (November 1965), the ASCD Executive Committee statement of guidelines for national assessment of educational outcomes (January 1966), and the AASA Resolution concerning national testing and curriculum (February 1966). (Author/EA) Aspect of National Assessment (NAEP) dealt with in this document: Program Description (Historical Background).