This course of study for the third grade explores a potent force in the development of all civilizations: the interplay of man and his natural environment. Patterns of culture have evolved in response to environmental conditions. Though cultural traditions vary from one society to another, all groups of people attempt to use nature to create a better environment. Each theme introduces young learners to the characteristics of a particular geographic region. To develop insights into the ways in which men respond to natural conditions, pupils undertake case studies of two cultural groups presently living within similar geographic regions. These studies foster an understanding and appreciation of cultural similarities and differences through conceptual teaching rather than memorization of facts about a group of people. The teacher will also make a conscious effort to help pupils use these understandings to build a global frame of reference by placing emphasis upon human ingenuity and inventiveness in shaping societies and cultures. The course of study guide contains an introduction, suggested learning activities, six themes for teaching areas, a bibliography and an appendix covering basic concepts and skills in the social studies. (Related documents are: ED 016 625, ED 016 675-676, ED 023 694; ED 028 046-48, ED 029 681-82, ED 029 694, and SO 000 984.) (Author/AWW)