It has been shown that Guttman weighting of test options results in marked increases in the internal consistency of a test. However, the effect of this type of weighting on the structure of the test is not known. Hence, the purpose of this study is to compare the factor structure of Guttman-weighted and rights-only-weighted tests and to relate the change in structure to the change in internal consistency. Test items were intercorrelated and the resultant matrices factored, first weighting with Guttman weights then with rights-only ones. More variance was accounted for by the first several factors of Guttman-weighted tests than by these same factors in rights-only weighted tests. The tests for which there was most increase in variance were those for which there was greatest increase in internal consistency. Finally, the factor structure and conventionally-weighted tests were quite different. The implication of these structural changes on test validity is discussed. (Author)