This book is divided into two parts: a discussion of the role of individualized instruction in today's schools, and a detailed description of objectives and implementation of the Duluth Individualized Mathematics Program. In the first part, the author argues that schools should not be preservers of tradition but agents of change; diversity should be encouraged, both because society needs varied talents and because individuals have varied needs. The role which mathematics can play in developing the individual personality is then discussed. The second part of this book considers first the needs for behavioral objectives in teaching, illustrated by the Duluth Elementary Mathematics Content Guide and over 250 objectives and sample evaluation items. Some practical aspects are then discussed: student learning guides (student contracts), student achievement records, coding procedures, student planning schedules, student record forms, classroom design, and problems of evaluation of student progress. The book concludes with a list of commercial materials of use in an individualized mathematics program, brief descriptions of relevant developmental projects, and an extensive bibliography. (MM)