Growing professionalization in rehabilitation counseling has been offset recently by the New Careers movement and its emphasis on the use of subprofessionals. To analyze recruitment and retention of personnel in the face of this changing professionalism, this report compares the spring 1965 graduates with a national sample of practicing rehabilitation counselors. A 3-year longitudinal study was used to analyze changes in various social characteristics and attitudes. The retention problem among recent graduates is attributed to a lack of professionalism and challenge in the work without salaries and working conditions good enough to compensate. The report concludes that immediate improvement can be made by changing educational programs to increase commitment and self-esteem, although a permanent solution will require an overhaul of the entire system. (BH)