Based on a study of black-oriented broadcasting conducted in 1970, the purpose of this report is to discern and elucidate, rather than measure conclusively, the dynamics of its "success," emphasizing the potential of such stations to have a positive social impact on their communities. Fourteen black-oriented stations were visited, 30 license applications for such stations reviewed, and 150 interviews conducted in eight major cities with community leaders, station personnel, and broadcasting experts. Given that the purpose of FCC (Federal Communication Commission) control of permission to broadcast is to see that the public's convenience, interest, and necessity are served, and if black-oriented radio has the "audience power" that can be established for it by using a number of indicators, then it is the author's contention that black-oriented radio has failed to serve the public interest--a conclusion based on analyses of the "rhythm and blues" format as well as the specific programming employed by virtually all of these stations and on the apparent fact that their ownership and profit patterns are oriented to maximal profit. Two major scenarios for change are offered: community organization control of "non-profit" broadcasting facilities and/or forceful containment of the maximal profit motive in present ownership. (MT)