A project is presented in which 10 American music teachers studied the Zoltan Kodaly teaching approach to musical literacy in Hungarian primary schools, helped adapt American musical materials to be used in a Kodaly-inspired teaching program in the United States, and tested these methods and materials in selected American elementary schools. The report describes (1) the background and rationale of the project, (2) the relationship of music to primary education in Hungary, (3) basic concepts and classroom techniques of the Kodaly approach, in which understanding comes from "doing" music through ear training, hand signs (chironomy), solmization, and notation, (4) difficulties in carrying the project into participating American schools, (5) musical materials used in the project which are representative of some of American's "many musics," (6) the experimental situations encountered in the first grade and the upper elementary classrooms, and (7) conclusions and recommendations for teacher training and further development of the Kodaly-inspired materials, Tables include a chart indicating distribution of class hours in all subjects in the Hungarian Primary Schools, musical terms and concepts covered in the American experiment, an evaluation of each participating American school's year-end accomplishments, and more than 40 songs used in the songbooks. (JM)