The research reported here was supported by funds granted under the 1964 Economic Opportunity Act. Part 1, "Theoretical Vantage Points," includes discussions of economic disadvantagement, the culture of poverty, and poverty versus equality of opportunity. Part two, "Socialization and Learning," includes a discussion of the transmission of cognitive strategies in poor families, school motivation, and learning ability, intelligence, and educability. Part three focuses on "Heredity and Environment." Part four, "Behavioral Concommitants," includes papers on economic aspects of poverty. Part five, "Intervention Strategies," deals with compensatory education and also includes a paper entitled "The Poverty of Psychology--An Indictment." Part six, "Problems and Prospects in the Psychology of Poverty," comprises a summary chapter by the editor. (JM)