This report discusses the job factors, attitudes and preferences affecting the relative advancement and turnover of men and women in federal careers. The study of advancement utilized the responses of 11,000 men and 15,000 women. Findings included that women were more highly educated, participated as much or more, were older and had more service than men within the same grade. Women and men preferred men supervisors, women did not have as high aspirations as men. Close to 10,000 questionnaires were received for the turnover study. The overall turnover rate for women was consistently higher than for men. Occupation and age had a significant impact on turnover. However, sex differences are greatly reduced when turnover rates are studied within segments of the total group. Another phase of the study concerned work attitudes and expectations. Both men and women agreed on the ideal job aspects and on job satisfaction. (SJ)