To determine comparative achievement of Title I pupils from 1966 through 1968, as measured by composite scores on the Iowa Testing Program, basic skills data were analyzed for 1,794 pupils on a two-grade span at the elementary level (grades 3-5 and 4-6) and educational development data were analyzed for 1,203 pupils on a two-grade span at the secondary level (grades 9-11 and 10-12). Composite scores for a control group comprised of a 3-year sample of 1,353 elementary and 3,726 secondary non-Title I pupils were also analyzed. Multiple regression analysis of the data--based on high, average, and low ability groupings of participants--failed to indicate the effectiveness of a gross achievement measure across grade level and time for Title I programs. However, the study distinguished achievement for test and control groups as related especially to per pupil cost and achievement of specific objectives by grade level. Cost analysis and computer storage layout data are appended. A related document is ED 013 853. (Diagrams of storage layout, pp74-78, may reproduce poorly because of marginal legibility). (JK)