This article reviews research from the 1940's, 1950's and 1960's on the effects of discrimination on blacks. Data from these studies indicate that adverse cultural restrictions have fostered a unique and distinctive black personality. Among traits identified are: a negative or inferior self-image, pessimism about the future, attachment to the group, and an intense need among adolescents to appear in a personally favorable light. Geographical location was found to be a significant variable in anxiety over self identity. Discrimination on the basis of color was found to be most detrimental to the black's sense of dignity and integrity. A pessimistic philosophy, high aspiration level, and low frustration tolerance define the core conflicts of the black personality. A study (Goff, 1949) of the perceptions and attitudes of upper and lower income New York City children and adults showed that Negro-white relationships, ridicule, radio and movie stereotypes, aggression from white children, and physical abuse from white adults rated as the most difficult experiences. Victimization is seen responsible for negative attitudes and skepticism over American ideals. (KG)