This document describes the instructional programs and results of a second major longitudinal intervention program carried out at George Peabody College for Teachers, Nashville, Tennessee, and addresses itself to different research questions and develops instructional programs considered more extensive and systematic than an earlier study, The Early Training Project. Of the two intervention strategies, the objective environment (world of things which a child manipulates) and the instrumental environment (world of people), this study employs the latter, the effective instrumental agent being the mother. In identifying the four variables (cognitive, motivational, personal style, and physical variables) associated with development of competency, some representative research findings are considered. The instructional programs both for the mother and for the target child are described in detail. In the mother's program, called the Support System Mother's Program, the major objective in the cognitive domain was to change her pattern of interaction with the child by providing skills and resources which she could call upon to stimulate her child intellectually. In the child's program, called Socialization for Competence, provision is made for organizing and structuring skills to be learned. Partial interim results indicate, it is held, that the programs were generally successful although evaluation of soundness of the approach must wait. (RJ)