The Educational Followup Study was designed to examine the relationship between perinatal variables and the later development of problems in school learning and behavior. A survey of 967 children manifesting learning and behavior problems, found that 43.8% of the subjects were classified in one or more of the following categories: (1) special class placement; (2) retention; (3) reading disability; (4) problems of attitude and behavior; and (5) referral for special services. Since objective reading measures obtained on this population, as well as earlier measures of school readiness and language development, closely approximate the distribution of such scores in the normative samples, the large proportion of problems identified raises questions regarding the base rates for such difficulties in the general population as well as uncovering a rich source of school learning and behavior problems for intensive analysis. (Author)