Medical and non-medical group mental health approaches are discussed. In the medical approach groups are set up for the treatment of the psychopathology of the members and group therapy or group psychotherapy methods are utilized. The clients are selected by the therapist who determines what kind of group would be most beneficial for the patient. The therapist assumes responsibility for prescribing the treatment and implementing it effectively and safely. Leaders must be qualified as mental health professionals, and have sufficient group training. By contrast non-medical groups supposedly do not deal with psychopathology and instead are concerned with problem solving, self-development, and sensitivity training. Features that distinguish them form medical groups include the establishment of goals other than treatment, no selection of members, no required training for leaders, and a relinquishment for responsibility for possible detrimental effects upon participants. There are many dangers inherent in these conditions and therefore, it is essential that members be screened and selected by leaders, that leaders have necessary training, and that leaders be responsible for protecting clients from undergoing damaging experiences. (RSM)