This extensive report is concerned with socialization patterns and the impact of change on rearing the young. Specific objectives were: (1) construction of the "core culture" of the traditional community and its relation to educational patterns, (2) description of socialization patterns through the life cycle in the traditional community and in the changing community, (3) comparison of academic and personality variables of school children in Amish schools with those in other school settings, and (4) description of changing social patterns, noting areas of integration and those of discontinuity. Representative groups of Amish school children were compared with a control group from modern rural schools. Generally, Amish children seem to do well in basic areas of education: reading, word usage, and arithmetic, but not as well as non-Amish in language tests. Traditional Amish have been successful in socializing their offspring, training them for life by a charter which stresses wisdom of orderliness in the practice of community. Data tables are included. (Author/CJ)