This chapter reports the positions taken by two U.S. Congressmen during their debate over the most effective method available for distributing Federal funds to the nation's schools. U.S. Representative John Brademas defends Federal categorical grant programs as the most realistic means for allocating scarce Federal resources to those areas faced with the nation's most pressing educational problems. Congressman Albert H. Quie contends that the distribution of Federal funds through block grants to each of the States would enable each State educational agency to plan for the most effective use of resources in satisfying the educational needs within its jurisdiction. Both Congressmen advocate a larger total investment in education to match the nation's commitment to educational improvement. (JH)