This paper examines community programs sponsored by institutions of higher education; it attempts to define such programs, describe their elements, clarify inherent problems in their development and execution, and offer some observations on the advantages and disadvantages of the various types. Emphasis is on community service, social reform, community relations, community organization, and other aspects of community development. Institutional objectives are classed as either educational, service, or related to the development of the institution itself. Typical institutional objectives include liberal education, vocational education, community improvement, and a relatively detached stance which stresses research and independent scholarly thought. Also discussed are functions of universities in community development, and factors in financing and administrative organization. Major criticisms (frequent unsubstantiated claims, insufficient attention to educational objectives) are noted, together with suggestions for a more experimental attitude and wider involvement in such experimentation. (ly)