The results of this exploratory study on cost-benefit analysis of vocational rehabilitation found that, because of vocational rehabilitation services, clients whose cases were closed during fiscal year 1966 will experience an increase of $35 in their earnings and value of work activity over their working lives for every dollar expended on them in rehabilitation services. The full group of clients for whom estimates were derived are shown as follows: (1) rehabilitated wage earners, 127,824, (2) rehabilitated homemakers and unpayed family workers, 24,127, (3) rehabilitated self-employed farmers, 2,328, and (4) closed cases not rehabilitated, 48,969. The main factors considered in deriving an estimate of the increase in lifetime earnings or rehabilitated clients attributable to vocational rehabilitation services were (1) the rates of deaths and new or recurrent disability among clients causing termination of employment through the years, (2) the number of years of work life for remaining clients until retirement, (3) the earnings associated with clients remaining in employment through the years, (4) the present value of future earnings, and (5) the change in amount of productivity of workers of the future. (CH)