An overview of educational and psychological literature concerning the gifted is presented in 55 papers with editorial comments. The historical development of the study of the gifted and cultural attitudes are first considered. Discussions of the effectiveness of various screening methods for identifying the gifted include evaluation of creative, social, and other nonintellectual factors; suggestions are given for providing an optimal environment. Theories are discussed about hereditary and environmental influences on mental ability with ideas for conserving and increasing our supply of superior mental talent. Writings on the characteristics of eminent scientists, unstable geniuses, superior college students, and younger gifted children are included in a consideration of the gifted individual's intellectual, social, and emotional characteristics. Special programs to help develop and encourage giftedness, such as acceleration, enrichment, and homogeneous grouping are described and evaluated; current issues and needed research are considered; and teacher qualities judged effective in aiding creative growth are discussed. (RM)