The discussion of a series of questions with case illustrations delineates the problems and possibilities of helping retarded adults become valuable, productive members of society. Among topics considered are the definition of retarded adults in the community, the need for concern, and community evaluation and needs of the retarded adult. Also discussed are the way in which the general and vocational needs of retardates of different levels of ability may be met, and the availability of parent counseling. Principles and services underlying an effective community program are enunciated, and attention is directed to six illustrative community approaches to program planning and to current trends and ideas for further program development. An appendix presents an array of direct services for the retarded and a report of an on-the-job training project; each chapter includes a series of questions for discussion and its own list of pertinent references. (DF)