To learn what effects Manpower Development and Training Act (MDTA) institutional job training courses had on income and employment, a nationwide representative sample of about 1,200 former trainees (784 completers and 413 dropouts) were interviewed early in 1966--over a year after their job training--to learn their opinions of the programs and their subsequent employment experiences. A partially matched control group of 925 persons who were unemployed at the time trainees entered training was also interviewed, as well as 136 persons who had been referred to the courses but who failed to enroll and participate. The effects of training were ascertained through comparison of the sample groups, using multiple regression analysis to control for the effects of 10 factors other than training. A large number of tentative findings were reached, the most general and conclusive of which were: (1) Most trainees gave favorable evaluations of their training, (2) Training apparently did not help get better paying jobs, but it did help former trainees to obtain more full-time employment, and (3) It was estimated that between 13 and 23 percent of the full-time employment experienced during the period after training was attributable to Manpower Development and Training Act for completers, and between 7 and 19 percent for dropouts. (ET)