This report is a brief discussion of the case histories of three preschool children who were participants in an "Exploratory Study of the Effects of Individual Work on the Functioning of Maladjusted Pre-School Children." This exploratory study was concerned with emotional-social learning and developed the hypothesis that certain desirable activities can be associated with pleasure simply by linking the manifestation of the activity with pleasurable reinforcement. When the linkage is sufficiently well developed, the child can be helped to see the relationship between his pleasure and those activities which provide it. To establish the linkage, preschool children with behavior problems were introduced into a program in which adults observed the child's personality problems and, through reinforcement, attempted to modify the undesirable behavior into desirable behavior. The program was for an hour two times a week for most of a school year. The three case histories of this report include (1) a 3-year-old girl with serious behavior problems and possible retardation, (2) a 3 1/2-year-old boy who had suffered physical deformities and was behind his peers socially and educationally, and (3) a 5-year-old boy who was of normal development physically but came from a poor home environment. Individual goals were set for each child of the study, and it was found that the program did help each child to develop more desirable and self-satisfying behavior. (WD)