This conference paper points out that the public schools are not providing equal educational opportunities. Although de jure segregation is being eliminated, existing de facto segregation is no less injurious to the young child. Wherever the educational process permits a differentiation which places Negro children at a disadvantage, the public school as failed to meet its constitutional responsibilities in eliminating inequalities. Negro children are denied equal opportunities through school attendance and assignment procedures, placement or grouping, and through a differential allocation of resources. The existence of these disparities is confirmed both in the Coleman report and the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights report on racial isolation. Although every state has the obligation and the authority to make the necessary reforms and adjustments, individual school systems, in cooperation with one another, should take the initiative before statewide action is required. Reactions to this conference paper are included. (DK)