A study conducted in a rural and an urban county in Texas sought to determine factors affecting changes in occupational patterns taking place in selected Spanish American populations from each of the 2 areas. An attempt was also made to determine levels of living, income, education, and aspirations of parents for their children's futures. The study noted a steady shift from agriculturally related occupations to service occupations and, with a much lower frequency, to professional occupations. Educational achievement, living standards, and income of the Spanish American lagged behind that of the general population, but the differential between rural and urban Spanish Americans was even more pronounced. (DA)