This report overviews and summarizes the findings of studies of nationwide Title I programs during the 1966-67 school year. It has been found that there were increases in expenditures for instructional services and the purchase of equipment, and more States invested in the programs than during the previous year. To explain the effect of the programs, in separate sections the report discusses the educational and socioeconomic background of the participating disadvantaged students, and examines specifically the nature of schools in urban areas. One section presents the findings of a study of the effect of Title I on reading and arithmetic achievement as measured by standardized tests (Dayton Study), and another presents brief digests of the annual reports of the programs in the individual states, which highlight their major achievements and exemplary projects. A new survey instrument for obtaining data on Title I participants during their third year of operation is also briefly described. Extensive appendixes and charts and tables offer specific data. (EF)